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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Cell+Biochem
2015 ; 116
(9
): 2098-108
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Expression of the IL-11 Gene in Metastatic Cells Is Supported by Runx2-Smad and
Runx2-cJun Complexes Induced by TGF?1
#MMPMID25808168
Zhang X
; Wu H
; Dobson JR
; Browne G
; Hong D
; Akech J
; Languino LR
; Stein GS
; Lian JB
J Cell Biochem
2015[Sep]; 116
(9
): 2098-108
PMID25808168
show ga
In tumor cells, two factors are abnormally increased that contribute to
metastatic bone disease: Runx2, a transcription factor that promotes expression
of metastasis related and osteolytic genes; and IL-11, a secreted osteolytic
cytokine. Here, we addressed a compelling question: Does Runx2 regulate IL-11
gene expression? We find a positive correlation between Runx2, IL-11 and TGF?1, a
driver of the vicious cycle of metastatic bone disease, in prostate cancer (PC)
cell lines representing early (LNCaP) and late (PC3) stage disease. Further, like
Runx2 knockdown, IL-11 knockdown significantly reduced expression of several
osteolytic factors. Modulation of Runx2 expression results in corresponding
changes in IL-11 expression. The IL-11 gene has Runx2, AP-1 sites and Smad
binding elements located on the IL-11 promoter. Here, we demonstrated that
Runx2-c-Jun as well as Runx2-Smad complexes upregulate IL-11 expression.
Functional studies identified a significant loss of IL-11 expression in PC3 cells
in the presence of the Runx2-HTY mutant protein, a mutation that disrupts
Runx2-Smad signaling. In response to TGF?1 and in the presence of Runx2, we
observed a 30-fold induction of IL-11 expression, accompanied by increased c-Jun
binding to the IL-11 promoter. Immunoprecipitation and in situ co-localization
studies demonstrated that Runx2 and c-Jun form nuclear complexes in PC3 cells.
Thus, TGF?1 signaling induces two independent transcriptional pathways - AP-1 and
Runx2. These transcriptional activators converge on IL-11 as a result of
Runx2-Smad and Runx2-c-Jun interactions to amplify IL-11 gene expression that,
together with Runx2, supports the osteolytic pathology of cancer induced bone
disease.