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2015 ; 82
(ä): 143-53
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Biofidelic neck influences head kinematics of parietal and occipital impacts
following short falls in infants
#MMPMID26072183
Sullivan S
; Coats B
; Margulies SS
Accid Anal Prev
2015[Sep]; 82
(ä): 143-53
PMID26072183
show ga
Falls are a major cause of traumatic head injury in children. Understanding head
kinematics during low height falls is essential for evaluating injury risk and
designing mitigating strategies. Typically, these measurements are made with
commercial anthropomorphic infant surrogates, but these surrogates are designed
based on adult biomechanical data. In this study, we improve upon the
state-of-the-art anthropomorphic testing devices by incorporating new infant
cadaver neck bending and tensile data. We then measure head kinematics following
head-first falls onto 4 impact surfaces from 3 fall heights with occipital and
parietal head impact locations. The biofidelic skull compliance and neck
properties of the improved infant surrogate significantly influenced the measured
kinematic loads, decreasing the measured impact force and peak angular
accelerations, lowering the expected injury risk. Occipital and parietal impacts
exhibited distinct kinematic responses in primary head rotation direction and the
magnitude of the rotational velocities and accelerations, with larger angular
velocities as the head rebounded after occipital impacts. Further evaluations of
injury risk due to short falls should take into account the impact surface and
head impact location, in addition to the fall height.