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Pediatric reference ranges for acute kidney injury biomarkers #MMPMID25348707
Bennett MR; Nehus E; Haffner C; Ma Q; Devarajan P
Pediatr Nephrol 2015[Apr]; 30 (4): 677-85 PMID25348707show ga
Background: Novel urinary biomarkers are useful for the prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI). Most promising are the urine markers NGAL, IL-18, KIM-1, and LFABP. Each of these has shown considerable promise diagnosing AKI earlier than serum creatinine (Scr) using disease controls. We set out to determine reference levels of these markers in a healthy pediatric population. Methods: Urine was collected from 368 healthy children and assayed for NGAL, IL-18, KIM-1, and LFABP using commercially available kits or assay materials. Analysis of biomarkers by linear regression and according to age groups (3?<5 years; 5?<10; 10?<15; 15?<18) was performed to determine if biomarker levels differed with age and gender. Results: Median values were: NGAL (6.6 ng/ml; IQR 2.8?17), IL-18 (21.6 pg/ml; IQR 13.6?32.9), KIM-1 (410 pg/ml; IQR 226?703), LFABP (3.4 ng/ml; IQR 1.6?6.0). Significant gender differences were found with NGAL and IL-18 and significant age differences were found with all markers. 95th percentile values for each marker varied with age and gender greater than median values. Conclusions: This is the largest pediatric reference range study for the urinary measurement of NGAL, IL-18, KIM-1, and LFABP and highlights age and gender differences in these markers. This information is essential for rational interpretation of studies and clinical trials utilizing these emerging AKI biomarkers.
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Pediatr+Nephrol 2015 ; 30 (4): 677-85
