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10.1038/nprot.2009.226 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/nprot.2009.226 C4503465!4503465!20203662     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Nat+Protoc 2010 ; 5 (3): 439-56 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=20203662|t=2010. Optogenetic interrogation of neural circuits: technology for probing mammalian brain structures |pdf=|usr=}}{{20203662}} gab.com Text Optogenetic interrogation of neural circuits: technology for probing mammalian brain structures JO: Nat Protoc http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=20203662 #FOAvip Elucidation of the neural substrates underlying complex animal behaviors depends on precise activity control tools, as well as compatible readout methods. Recent developments in optogenetics have addressed this need, opening up new possibilities for systems neuroscience. Interrogation of even deep neural circuits can be conducted by directly probing the necessity and sufficiency of defined circuit elements with millisecond-scale, cell type-specific optical perturbations, coupled with suitable readouts such as electrophysiology, optical circuit dynamics measures and freely moving behavior in mammals. Here we collect in detail our strategies for delivering microbial opsin genes to deep mammalian brain structures in vivo, along with protocols for integrating the resulting optical control with compatible readouts (electrophysiological, optical and behavioral). The procedures described here, from initial virus preparation to systems-level functional readout, can be completed within 4?5 weeks. Together, these methods may help in providing circuit-level insight into the dynamics underlying complex mammalian behaviors in health and disease. Twit Text FOAVip Optogenetic interrogation of neural circuits: technology for probing mammalian brain structures ????Nat Protoc http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=20203662 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=20203662 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|20203662}}</ref> Optogenetic interrogation of neural circuits: technology for probing mammalian brain structures #MMPMID20203662 Zhang F; Gradinaru V; Adamantidis AR; Durand R; Airan RD; de Lecea L; Deisseroth K Nat Protoc 2010[Mar]; 5 (3): 439-56 PMID20203662show ga Elucidation of the neural substrates underlying complex animal behaviors depends on precise activity control tools, as well as compatible readout methods. Recent developments in optogenetics have addressed this need, opening up new possibilities for systems neuroscience. Interrogation of even deep neural circuits can be conducted by directly probing the necessity and sufficiency of defined circuit elements with millisecond-scale, cell type-specific optical perturbations, coupled with suitable readouts such as electrophysiology, optical circuit dynamics measures and freely moving behavior in mammals. Here we collect in detail our strategies for delivering microbial opsin genes to deep mammalian brain structures in vivo, along with protocols for integrating the resulting optical control with compatible readouts (electrophysiological, optical and behavioral). The procedures described here, from initial virus preparation to systems-level functional readout, can be completed within 4?5 weeks. Together, these methods may help in providing circuit-level insight into the dynamics underlying complex mammalian behaviors in health and disease. äOptogenetic interrogation of neural circuits: technology for probing m(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing