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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 NMR+Biomed 2010 ; 23 (7): 821-35 Nephropedia Template TP
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MAPPING BRAIN ANATOMICAL CONNECTIVITY USING WHITE MATTER TRACTOGRAPHY #MMPMID20886567
Lazar M
NMR Biomed 2010[Aug]; 23 (7): 821-35 PMID20886567show ga
Integration of the neural processes in the human brain is realized through interconnections that exist between different neural centers. These interconnections take place through white matter pathways. White matter tractography is currently the only available technique for reconstructing the anatomical connectivity in the human brain non-invasively and in-vivo. The trajectory and terminations of white matter pathways are estimated from local orientations of nerve bundles. These orientations are obtained using measurements of water diffusion in the brain. In this paper, the techniques for estimating fiber directions from diffusion measurements in the human brain are reviewed. Methods of white matter tractography are described along with the current limitations of the technique including sensitivity to image noise and partial voluming. We discuss the white matter tractography applications for topographical characterization of the white matter connections and the segmentation of specific white matter pathways and corresponding functional units of gray matter. In this context, we describe the potential impact of white matter tractography in mapping the functional systems and sub-systems in the human brain and their interrelations. Finally, we discuss white matter tractography applications to the study of brain disorders, including fiber tracts localization in brains affected by tumors and identifying impaired connectivity routes in neurologic and neuropsychiatric diseases.