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10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00097 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00097 C4500866!4500866!26236243     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Front+Psychiatry 2015 ; 6 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26236243|t=2015. Disturbed Amino Acid Metabolism in HIV: Association with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms |pdf=|usr=}}{{26236243}} gab.com Text Disturbed Amino Acid Metabolism in HIV: Association with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms JO: Front Psychiatry http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26236243 #FOAvip Blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine, as well as of the tryptophan breakdown product kynurenine, are found to be elevated in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients. Both essential amino acids, tryptophan and phenylalanine, are important precursor molecules for neurotransmitter biosynthesis. Thus, dysregulated amino acid metabolism may be related to disease-associated neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as development of depression, fatigue, and cognitive impairment. Increased phenylalanine/tyrosine and kynurenine/tryptophan ratios are associated with immune activation in patients with HIV-1 infection and decrease upon effective antiretroviral therapy. Recent large-scale metabolic studies have confirmed the crucial involvement of tryptophan and phenylalanine metabolism in HIV-associated disease. Herein, we summarize the current status of the role of tryptophan and phenylalanine metabolism in HIV disease and discuss how inflammatory stress-associated dysregulation of amino acid metabolism may be part of the pathophysiology of common HIV-associated neuropsychiatric conditions. Twit Text FOAVip Disturbed Amino Acid Metabolism in HIV: Association with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ????Front Psychiatry http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26236243 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26236243 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26236243}}</ref> Disturbed Amino Acid Metabolism in HIV: Association with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms #MMPMID26236243 Gostner JM; Becker K; Kurz K; Fuchs D Front Psychiatry 2015[]; 6 (ä): ä PMID26236243show ga Blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine, as well as of the tryptophan breakdown product kynurenine, are found to be elevated in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients. Both essential amino acids, tryptophan and phenylalanine, are important precursor molecules for neurotransmitter biosynthesis. Thus, dysregulated amino acid metabolism may be related to disease-associated neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as development of depression, fatigue, and cognitive impairment. Increased phenylalanine/tyrosine and kynurenine/tryptophan ratios are associated with immune activation in patients with HIV-1 infection and decrease upon effective antiretroviral therapy. Recent large-scale metabolic studies have confirmed the crucial involvement of tryptophan and phenylalanine metabolism in HIV-associated disease. Herein, we summarize the current status of the role of tryptophan and phenylalanine metabolism in HIV disease and discuss how inflammatory stress-associated dysregulation of amino acid metabolism may be part of the pathophysiology of common HIV-associated neuropsychiatric conditions. äDisturbed Amino Acid Metabolism in HIV: Association with Neuropsychiat(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing