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Simultaneous exposure to multiple heavy metals and glyphosate may contribute to
Sri Lankan agricultural nephropathy
#MMPMID26162605
Jayasumana C
; Gunatilake S
; Siribaddana S
BMC Nephrol
2015[Jul]; 16
(?): 103
PMID26162605
show ga
BACKGROUND: Sri Lankan Agricultural Nephropathy (SAN), a new form of chronic
kidney disease among paddy farmers was first reported in 1994. It has now become
the most debilitating public health issue in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. Previous
studies showed SAN is a tubulo-interstitial type nephropathy and exposure to
arsenic and cadmium may play a role in pathogenesis of the disease. METHODS:
Urine samples of patients with SAN (N = 10) from Padavi-Sripura, a disease
endemic area, and from two sets of controls, one from healthy participants (N =
10) from the same endemic area and the other from a non-endemic area (N = 10;
Colombo district) were analyzed for 19 heavy metals and for the presence of the
pesticide- glyphosate. RESULTS: In both cases and the controls who live in the
endemic region, median concentrations of urinary Sb, As, Cd, Co, Pb, Mn, Ni, Ti
and V exceed the reference range. With the exception of Mo in patients and Al,
Cu, Mo, Se, Ti and Zn in endemic controls, creatinine adjusted values of urinary
heavy metals and glyphosate were significantly higher when compared to
non-endemic controls. Creatinine unadjusted values were significant higher for 14
of the 20 chemicals studied in endemic controls and 7 in patients, compared to
non-endemic controls. The highest urinary glyphosate concentration was recorded
in SAN patients (range 61.0-195.1 ?g/g creatinine). CONCLUSIONS: People in
disease endemic area exposed to multiple heavy metals and glyphosate. Results are
supportive of toxicological origin of SAN that is confined to specific
geographical areas. Although we could not localize a single nephrotoxin as the
culprit for SAN, multiple heavy metals and glyphosates may play a role in the
pathogenesis. Heavy metals excessively present in the urine samples of patients
with SAN are capable of causing damage to kidneys. Synergistic effects of
multiple heavy metals and agrochemicals may be nephrotoxic.
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