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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Development 2011 ; 138 (21): 4743-52 Nephropedia Template TP
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Blood vessels restrain pancreas branching, differentiation and growth #MMPMID21965615
Magenheim J; Ilovich O; Lazarus A; Klochendler A; Ziv O; Werman R; Hija A; Cleaver O; Mishani E; Keshet E; Dor Y
Development 2011[Nov]; 138 (21): 4743-52 PMID21965615show ga
How organ size and form are controlled during development is a major question in biology. Blood vessels have been shown to be essential for early development of the liver and pancreas, and are fundamental to normal and pathological tissue growth. Here, we report that, surprisingly, non-nutritional signals from blood vessels act to restrain pancreas growth. Elimination of endothelial cells increases the size of embryonic pancreatic buds. Conversely, VEGF-induced hypervascularization decreases pancreas size. The growth phenotype results from vascular restriction of pancreatic tip cell formation, lateral branching and differentiation of the pancreatic epithelium into endocrine and acinar cells. The effects are seen both in vivo and ex vivo, indicating a perfusion-independent mechanism. Thus, the vasculature controls pancreas morphogenesis and growth by reducing branching and differentiation of primitive epithelial cells.