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2015 ; 36
(1
): 123-9
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CCN5 attenuates profibrotic phenotypes of fibroblasts through the Smad6-CCN2
pathway: Potential role in epidural ?brosis
#MMPMID25901787
Xu H
; Liu C
; Sun Z
; Guo X
; Zhang Y
; Liu M
; Li P
Int J Mol Med
2015[Jul]; 36
(1
): 123-9
PMID25901787
show ga
Epidural ?brosis is characterized by the development of dense and thick scar
tissue adjacent to the dural mater and ranked as the major contributor for
post-operative pain recurrence after laminectomy or discectomy. Recently, CCN5
exhibited an inhibitory effect on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)/CCN2 (a
critical regulator for fibrotic disease)?mediated fibrogenesis. However, its
function in epidural fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms involved remain to be
determined. In this study, an obvious downregulation of CCN5 was observed in scar
tissues from laminectomized rats, concomitant with a marked upregulation of CCN2,
suggesting a potential negative regulatory role of CCN5 in fibrogenesis.
Furthermore, CCN5 overexpression notably mitigated transforming growth
factor??1-enhanced fibroblast viability and proliferation. Of note, CCN5
upregulation inhibited the switch of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts as its
overexpression abrogated the expression of the myo?broblast marker, ?-smooth
muscle actin (?-SMA). CCN5 upregulation also reduced an increase in collagen type
I, ?1 (COL1A1) and total collagen concentrations. Additionally, CCN5
over-expression decreased CCN2 expression and increased Smad6 phosphorylation.
Mechanism analysis revealed that blocking Smad6 signaling significantly
ameliorated the inhibitory effect of CCN5 on the CCN2 levels, accompanied by the
reduction in cell proliferation and collagen production. These results confirm
that CCN5 exerts an anti-fibrotic function by regulating the Smad6-CCN2 pathway,
thereby indicating a potential approach for ameliorating epidural ?brosis after
laminectomy.