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2015 ; 16
(6
): 12092-107
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Anesthetic propofol overdose causes vascular hyperpermeability by reducing
endothelial glycocalyx and ATP production
#MMPMID26023717
Lin MC
; Lin CF
; Li CF
; Sun DP
; Wang LY
; Hsing CH
Int J Mol Sci
2015[May]; 16
(6
): 12092-107
PMID26023717
show ga
Prolonged treatment with a large dose of propofol may cause diffuse cellular
cytotoxicity; however, the detailed underlying mechanism remains unclear,
particularly in vascular endothelial cells. Previous studies showed that a
propofol overdose induces endothelial injury and vascular barrier dysfunction.
Regarding the important role of endothelial glycocalyx on the maintenance of
vascular barrier integrity, we therefore hypothesized that a propofol
overdose-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction is caused by impaired
endothelial glycocalyx. In vivo, we intraperitoneally injected ICR mice with
overdosed propofol, and the results showed that a propofol overdose significantly
induced systemic vascular hyperpermeability and reduced the expression of
endothelial glycocalyx, syndecan-1, syndecan-4, perlecan mRNA and heparan sulfate
(HS) in the vessels of multiple organs. In vitro, a propofol overdose reduced the
expression of syndecan-1, syndecan-4, perlecan, glypican-1 mRNA and HS and
induced significant decreases in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
(NAD+)/NADH ratio and ATP concentrations in human microvascular endothelial cells
(HMEC-1). Oligomycin treatment also induced significant decreases in the
NAD+/NADH ratio, in ATP concentrations and in syndecan-4, perlecan and glypican-1
mRNA expression in HMEC-1 cells. These results demonstrate that a propofol
overdose induces a partially ATP-dependent reduction of endothelial glycocalyx
expression and consequently leads to vascular hyperpermeability due to the loss
of endothelial barrier functions.