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2015 ; 117
(1
): 52-64
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Embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes promote endogenous repair mechanisms and
enhance cardiac function following myocardial infarction
#MMPMID25904597
Khan M
; Nickoloff E
; Abramova T
; Johnson J
; Verma SK
; Krishnamurthy P
; Mackie AR
; Vaughan E
; Garikipati VN
; Benedict C
; Ramirez V
; Lambers E
; Ito A
; Gao E
; Misener S
; Luongo T
; Elrod J
; Qin G
; Houser SR
; Koch WJ
; Kishore R
Circ Res
2015[Jun]; 117
(1
): 52-64
PMID25904597
show ga
RATIONALE: Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) hold great promise for cardiac
regeneration but are susceptible to various concerns. Recently, salutary effects
of stem cells have been connected to exosome secretion. ESCs have the ability to
produce exosomes, however, their effect in the context of the heart is unknown.
OBJECTIVE: Determine the effect of ESC-derived exosome for the repair of ischemic
myocardium and whether c-kit(+) cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) function can be
enhanced with ESC exosomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study demonstrates that
mouse ESC-derived exosomes (mES Ex) possess ability to augment function in
infarcted hearts. mES Ex enhanced neovascularization, cardiomyocyte survival, and
reduced fibrosis post infarction consistent with resurgence of cardiac
proliferative response. Importantly, mES Ex augmented CPC survival,
proliferation, and cardiac commitment concurrent with increased c-kit(+) CPCs in
vivo 8 weeks after in vivo transfer along with formation of bonafide new
cardiomyocytes in the ischemic heart. miRNA array revealed significant enrichment
of miR290-295 cluster and particularly miR-294 in ESC exosomes. The underlying
basis for the beneficial effect of mES Ex was tied to delivery of ESC specific
miR-294 to CPCs promoting increased survival, cell cycle progression, and
proliferation. CONCLUSIONS: mES Ex provide a novel cell-free system that uses the
immense regenerative power of ES cells while avoiding the risks associated with
direct ES or ES-derived cell transplantation and risk of teratomas. ESC exosomes
possess cardiac regeneration ability and modulate both cardiomyocyte and
CPC-based repair programs in the heart.