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10.3390/s150510332 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3390/s150510332 C4481992!4481992!25946629     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Sensors+(Basel) 2015 ; 15 (5): 10332-49 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=25946629|t=2015. Novel Real-Time Diagnosis of the Freezing Process Using an Ultrasonic Transducer |pdf=|usr=}}{{25946629}} gab.com Text Novel Real-Time Diagnosis of the Freezing Process Using an Ultrasonic Transducer JO: Sensors (Basel) http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25946629 #FOAvip The freezing stage governs several critical parameters of the freeze drying process and the quality of the resulting lyophilized products. This paper presents an integrated ultrasonic transducer (UT) in a stainless steel bottle and its application to real-time diagnostics of the water freezing process. The sensor was directly deposited onto the stainless steel bottle using a sol-gel spray technique. It could operate at temperature range from ?100 to 400 °C and uses an ultrasonic pulse-echo technique. The progression of the freezing process, including water-in, freezing point and final phase change of water, were all clearly observed using ultrasound. The ultrasonic signals could indicate the three stages of the freezing process and evaluate the cooling and freezing periods under various processing conditions. The temperature was also adopted for evaluating the cooling and freezing periods. These periods increased with water volume and decreased with shelf temperature (i.e., speed of freezing). This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the ultrasonic sensor and technology for diagnosing and optimizing the process of water freezing to save energy. Twit Text FOAVip Novel Real-Time Diagnosis of the Freezing Process Using an Ultrasonic Transducer ????Sensors (Basel) http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25946629 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25946629 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|25946629}}</ref> Novel Real-Time Diagnosis of the Freezing Process Using an Ultrasonic Transducer #MMPMID25946629 Tseng YH; Cheng CC; Cheng HP; Lee D Sensors (Basel) 2015[May]; 15 (5): 10332-49 PMID25946629show ga The freezing stage governs several critical parameters of the freeze drying process and the quality of the resulting lyophilized products. This paper presents an integrated ultrasonic transducer (UT) in a stainless steel bottle and its application to real-time diagnostics of the water freezing process. The sensor was directly deposited onto the stainless steel bottle using a sol-gel spray technique. It could operate at temperature range from ?100 to 400 °C and uses an ultrasonic pulse-echo technique. The progression of the freezing process, including water-in, freezing point and final phase change of water, were all clearly observed using ultrasound. The ultrasonic signals could indicate the three stages of the freezing process and evaluate the cooling and freezing periods under various processing conditions. The temperature was also adopted for evaluating the cooling and freezing periods. These periods increased with water volume and decreased with shelf temperature (i.e., speed of freezing). This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the ultrasonic sensor and technology for diagnosing and optimizing the process of water freezing to save energy. äNovel Real-Time Diagnosis of the Freezing Process Using an Ultrasonic (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing