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2015 ; 5
(ä): 11633
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Functional annotation of HOT regions in the human genome: implications for human
disease and cancer
#MMPMID26113264
Li H
; Chen H
; Liu F
; Ren C
; Wang S
; Bo X
; Shu W
Sci Rep
2015[Jun]; 5
(ä): 11633
PMID26113264
show ga
Advances in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and large-scale sequencing
studies have resulted in an impressive and growing list of disease- and
trait-associated genetic variants. Most studies have emphasised the discovery of
genetic variation in coding sequences, however, the noncoding regulatory effects
responsible for human disease and cancer biology have been substantially
understudied. To better characterise the cis-regulatory effects of noncoding
variation, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the genetic variants in HOT
(high-occupancy target) regions, which are considered to be one of the most
intriguing findings of recent large-scale sequencing studies. We observed that
GWAS variants that map to HOT regions undergo a substantial net decrease and
illustrate development-specific localisation during haematopoiesis. Additionally,
genetic risk variants are disproportionally enriched in HOT regions compared with
LOT (low-occupancy target) regions in both disease-relevant and cancer cells.
Importantly, this enrichment is biased toward disease- or cancer-specific cell
types. Furthermore, we observed that cancer cells generally acquire
cancer-specific HOT regions at oncogenes through diverse mechanisms of cancer
pathogenesis. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the key roles of HOT regions
in human disease and cancer and represent a critical step toward further
understanding disease biology, diagnosis, and therapy.
|*Genetic Variation
[MESH]
|Cell Line, Tumor
[MESH]
|Disease/*genetics
[MESH]
|Genetic Predisposition to Disease/*genetics
[MESH]