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2013 ; 25
(2
): 178-96
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Language, executive function and social cognition in the diagnosis of
frontotemporal dementia syndromes
#MMPMID23611348
Harciarek M
; Cosentino S
Int Rev Psychiatry
2013[Apr]; 25
(2
): 178-96
PMID23611348
show ga
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) represents a spectrum of non-Alzheimer's
degenerative conditions associated with focal atrophy of the frontal and/or
temporal lobes. Frontal and temporal regions of the brain have been shown to be
strongly involved in executive function, social cognition and language processing
and, thus, deficits in these domains are frequently seen in patients with FTD or
may even be hallmarks of a specific FTD subtype (i.e. relatively selective and
progressive language impairment in primary progressive aphasia). In this review
we have attempted to delineate how language, executive function, and social
cognition may contribute to the diagnosis of FTD syndromes, namely the
behavioural variant FTD as well as the language variants of FTD including the
three subtypes of primary progressive aphasia (PPA): non-fluent/agrammatic,
semantic and logopenic. This review also addresses the extent to which deficits
in these cognitive areas contribute to the differential diagnosis of FTD versus
Alzheimer's disease (AD). Finally, early clinical determinants of pathology are
briefly discussed and contemporary challenges to the diagnosis of FTD are
presented.