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10.1117/1.NPh.1.1.011011 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1117/1.NPh.1.1.011011 C4478761!4478761!26157967     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Neurophotonics 2014 ; 1 (1): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26157967|t=2014. Infrared neural stimulation: a new stimulation tool for central nervous system applications |pdf=|usr=}}{{26157967}} gab.com Text Infrared neural stimulation: a new stimulation tool for central nervous system applications JO: Neurophotonics http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26157967 #FOAvip The traditional approach to modulating brain function (in both clinical and basic science applications) is to tap into the neural circuitry using electrical currents applied via implanted electrodes. However, it suffers from a number of problems, including the risk of tissue trauma, poor spatial specificity, and the inability to selectively stimulate neuronal subtypes. About a decade ago, optical alternatives to electrical stimulation started to emerge in order to address the shortcomings of electrical stimulation. We describe the use of one optical stimulation technique, infrared neural stimulation (INS), during which short (of the order of a millisecond) pulses of infrared light are delivered to the neural tissue. Very focal stimulation is achieved via a thermal mechanism and stimulation location can be quickly adjusted by redirecting the light. After describing some of the work done in the peripheral nervous system, we focus on the use of INS in the central nervous system to investigate functional connectivity in the visual and somatosensory areas, target specific functional domains, and influence behavior of an awake nonhuman primate. We conclude with a positive outlook for INS as a tool for safe and precise targeted brain stimulation. Twit Text FOAVip Infrared neural stimulation: a new stimulation tool for central nervous system applications ????Neurophotonics http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26157967 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26157967 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26157967}}</ref> Infrared neural stimulation: a new stimulation tool for central nervous system applications #MMPMID26157967 Chernov M; Roe AW Neurophotonics 2014[Jul]; 1 (1): ä PMID26157967show ga The traditional approach to modulating brain function (in both clinical and basic science applications) is to tap into the neural circuitry using electrical currents applied via implanted electrodes. However, it suffers from a number of problems, including the risk of tissue trauma, poor spatial specificity, and the inability to selectively stimulate neuronal subtypes. About a decade ago, optical alternatives to electrical stimulation started to emerge in order to address the shortcomings of electrical stimulation. We describe the use of one optical stimulation technique, infrared neural stimulation (INS), during which short (of the order of a millisecond) pulses of infrared light are delivered to the neural tissue. Very focal stimulation is achieved via a thermal mechanism and stimulation location can be quickly adjusted by redirecting the light. After describing some of the work done in the peripheral nervous system, we focus on the use of INS in the central nervous system to investigate functional connectivity in the visual and somatosensory areas, target specific functional domains, and influence behavior of an awake nonhuman primate. We conclude with a positive outlook for INS as a tool for safe and precise targeted brain stimulation. äInfrared neural stimulation: a new stimulation tool for central nervou(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing