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2015 ; 5
(5
): e313
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
The SUV39H1 inhibitor chaetocin induces differentiation and shows synergistic
cytotoxicity with other epigenetic drugs in acute myeloid leukemia cells
#MMPMID25978433
Lai YS
; Chen JY
; Tsai HJ
; Chen TY
; Hung WC
Blood Cancer J
2015[May]; 5
(5
): e313
PMID25978433
show ga
Epigenetic modifying enzymes have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute
myeloid leukemia (AML). Methylation of lysine 9 on histone H3 by the
methyltransferase G9a and SUV39H1 is associated with inhibition of tumor
suppressor genes. We studied the effect of G9a and SUV39H1 inhibitors on
viability and differentiation of AML cells and tested the cytotoxicity induced by
combination of G9a and SUV39H1 inhibitors and various epigenetic drugs. The
SUV39H1 inhibitor (chaetocin) and the G9a inhibitor (UNC0638) caused cell death
in AML cells at high concentrations. However, only chaetocin-induced CD11b
expression and differentiation of AML cells at non-cytotoxic concentration. HL-60
and KG-1a cells were more sensitive to chaetocin than U937 cells. Long-term
incubation of chaetocin led to downregulation of SUV39H1 and reduction of H3K9
tri-methylation in HL-60 and KG-1a cells. Combination of chaetocin with
suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, a histone deacetylase inhibitor) or JQ (a
BET (bromodomain extra terminal) bromodomain inhibitor) showed synergistic
cytotoxicity. Conversely, no synergism was found by combining chaetocin and
UNC0638. More importantly, chaetocin-induced differentiation and combined
cytotoxicity were also found in the primary cells of AML patients. Collectively,
the SUV39H1 inhibitor chaetocin alone or in combination with other epigenetic
drugs may be effective for the treatment of AML.