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2015 ; 20
(3
): 163-77
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Overview of Pharmacological Treatment Options for Pediatric Patients with
Refractory Kawasaki Disease
#MMPMID26170768
Saneeymehri S
; Baker K
; So TY
J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther
2015[May]; 20
(3
): 163-77
PMID26170768
show ga
Kawasaki disease is an autoimmune disease found predominantly in children under
the age of 5 years. Its incidence is higher in those who live in Asian countries
or are of Asian descent. Kawasaki disease is characterized as an acute
inflammation of the vasculature bed affecting mainly the skin, eyes, lymph nodes,
and mucosal layers. Although the disease is usually self-limiting, patients may
develop cardiac abnormalities that can lead to death. The exact cause of the
disease is unknown; however, researchers hypothesize that an infectious agent is
responsible for causing Kawasaki disease. Initial treatment options with
intravenous immune globulin and aspirin are sufficient to cure most patients who
acquire this disease. Unfortunately, in up to one-quarter of patients, the
disease will be refractory to initial therapy and will require further management
with corticosteroid, immunomodulatory, or cytotoxic agents. The lack of
randomized, controlled trials makes treatment of refractory disease difficult to
manage. Until larger randomized, controlled trials are published to give more
guidance on therapy for this stage of disease, clinicians should use the data
available from observational studies and case reports in conjunction with their
clinical expertise to make treatment decisions.