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2015 ; 75
(12
): 2566-79
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G-CSF Promotes Neuroblastoma Tumorigenicity and Metastasis via STAT3-Dependent
Cancer Stem Cell Activation
#MMPMID25908586
Agarwal S
; Lakoma A
; Chen Z
; Hicks J
; Metelitsa LS
; Kim ES
; Shohet JM
Cancer Res
2015[Jun]; 75
(12
): 2566-79
PMID25908586
show ga
Increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory cytokines play a critical role in
tumor initiation and progression. A cancer stem cell (CSC)-like subpopulation in
neuroblastoma is known to be marked by expression of the G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR).
Here, we report on the mechanistic contributions of the G-CSFR in neuroblastoma
CSCs. Specifically, we demonstrate that the receptor ligand G-CSF selectively
activates STAT3 within neuroblastoma CSC subpopulations, promoting their
expansion in vitro and in vivo. Exogenous G-CSF enhances tumor growth and
metastasis in human xenograft and murine neuroblastoma tumor models. In response
to G-CSF, STAT3 acts in a feed-forward loop to transcriptionally activate the
G-CSFR and sustain neuroblastoma CSCs. Blockade of this G-CSF-STAT3 signaling
loop with either anti-G-CSF antibody or STAT3 inhibitor depleted the CSC
subpopulation within tumors, driving correlated tumor growth inhibition,
decreased metastasis, and increased chemosensitivity. Taken together, our results
define G-CSF as a CSC-activating factor in neuroblastoma, suggest a comprehensive
reevaluation of the clinical use of G-CSF in these patients to support white
blood cell counts, and suggest that direct targeting of the G-CSF-STAT3 signaling
represents a novel therapeutic approach for neuroblastoma.