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2015 ; 19
(1
): 183
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Does sodium bicarbonate infusion really have no effect on the incidence of acute
kidney injury after cardiac surgery? A prospective observational trial
#MMPMID25899029
Wetz AJ
; Bräuer A
; Quintel M
; Heise D
Crit Care
2015[Apr]; 19
(1
): 183
PMID25899029
show ga
INTRODUCTION: Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequently observed
phenomenon after cardiac surgery with cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB); this severe
complication is associated with adverse patient outcomes. There are multiple
mechanisms involved in AKI during cardiac surgery, including CPB-dependent
hemolysis. An IV infusion of sodium bicarbonate, which leads to urine
alkalization, may play a role in preventing AKI. Recently, several trials have
investigated the effect of sodium bicarbonate and reported controversial results.
The purpose of this investigation was to investigate the following question.
Under what circumstances can sodium bicarbonate prevent postoperative AKI?
METHODS: We analyzed data from 342 patients undergoing CPB surgery at the
University Hospital Goettingen, Germany. A total of 174 patients received a
preemptive dose of sodium bicarbonate. Directly after the induction of
anesthesia, the continuous infusion of 0.15 mmol/kg body weight/h was started and
continued until 2 pm on the first postoperative day. Patients who were not
treated with sodium bicarbonate formed the control group (n?=?168). To verify the
AKI risk configuration of each group, we surveyed risk factors and determined the
commonly used clinical predictive score according to Thakar and colleagues. We
recorded the concentration of free hemoglobin (fhb) to estimate the amount of
CPB-dependent hemolysis. The definition of AKI was acquired by applying the
AKI-network (AKIN) classification over the course of five postoperative days.
RESULTS: Patients who received the sodium bicarbonate infusion showed a
significantly lower incidence (35.6 vs. 50%) of AKI than that of patients who did
not receive the infusion (p?=?0.01). AKIN levels 2 and 3 were also more frequent
when sodium bicarbonate was not administered. Particularly, in the low-risk
cohort (<3 Thakar points), the incidence of AKI was significantly reduced (26 vs.
46%) when patients received sodium bicarbonate (p?=?0.01), whereas in the
high-risk patients, no significant reduction was observed. CONCLUSION: In this
study, we observed that low-risk patients particularly benefited from the
preventive treatment with sodium bicarbonate. The incidence of AKI was
significantly reduced in low-risk patients while there was no statistically
significant difference in the high-risk patient cohort. TRIAL REGISTRATION:
DRKS00007616, Registered 12 December 2014.
|Acute Kidney Injury/etiology/*prevention & control
[MESH]