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2011 ; 48
(2
): 406-13
Nephropedia Template TP
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English Wikipedia
Ameloblastin expression and putative autoregulation in mesenchymal cells suggest
a role in early bone formation and repair
#MMPMID20854943
Tamburstuen MV
; Reseland JE
; Spahr A
; Brookes SJ
; Kvalheim G
; Slaby I
; Snead ML
; Lyngstadaas SP
Bone
2011[Feb]; 48
(2
): 406-13
PMID20854943
show ga
Ameloblastin is mainly known as a dental enamel protein, synthesized and secreted
into developing enamel matrix by the enamel-forming ameloblasts. The function of
ameloblastin in tooth development remains unclear, but it has been suggested to
be involved in processes varying from regulating crystal growth to activity as a
growth factor or partaking in cell signaling. Recent studies suggest that some
enamel matrix proteins also might have important functions outside enamel
formation. In this context ameloblastin has recently been reported to induce
dentin and bone repair, as well as being present in the early bone and cartilage
extracellular matrices during embryogenesis. However, what cells express
ameloblastin in these tissues still remains unclear. Thus, the expression of
ameloblastin was examined in cultured primary mesenchymal cells and in vivo
during healing of bone defects in a "proof of concept" animal study. Real time
RT-PCR analysis revealed human ameloblastin (AMBN) mRNA expression in human
mesenchymal stem cells and primary osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Expression of
AMBN mRNA was also confirmed in human CD34 positive cells and osteoclasts.
Western and dot blot analysis of cell lysates and medium confirmed the expression
and secretion of ameloblastin from mesenchymal stem cells, primary human
osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Expression of ameloblastin was also detected in
newly formed bone in experimental bone defects in adult rats. Together these
findings suggest a role for this protein in early bone formation and repair.