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10.1038/srep11356 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/srep11356 C4468814!4468814!26079292     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Sci+Rep 2015 ; 5 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26079292|t=2015. Chimpanzees and bonobos differ in intrinsic motivation for tool use |pdf=|usr=}}{{26079292}} gab.com Text Chimpanzees and bonobos differ in intrinsic motivation for tool use JO: Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26079292 #FOAvip Tool use in nonhuman apes can help identify the conditions that drove the extraordinary expansion of hominin technology. Chimpanzees and bonobos are our closest living relatives. Whereas chimpanzees are renowned for their tool use, bonobos use few tools and none in foraging. We investigated whether extrinsic (ecological and social opportunities) or intrinsic (predispositions) differences explain this contrast by comparing chimpanzees at Kalinzu (Uganda) and bonobos at Wamba (DRC). We assessed ecological opportunities based on availability of resources requiring tool use. We examined potential opportunities for social learning in immature apes. Lastly, we investigated predispositions by measuring object manipulation and object play. Extrinsic opportunities did not explain the tool use difference, whereas intrinsic predispositions did. Chimpanzees manipulated and played more with objects than bonobos, despite similar levels of solitary and social play. Selection for increased intrinsic motivation to manipulate objects likely also played an important role in the evolution of hominin tool use. Twit Text FOAVip Chimpanzees and bonobos differ in intrinsic motivation for tool use ????Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26079292 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26079292 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26079292}}</ref> Chimpanzees and bonobos differ in intrinsic motivation for tool use #MMPMID26079292 Koops K; Furuichi T; Hashimoto C Sci Rep 2015[]; 5 (ä): ä PMID26079292show ga Tool use in nonhuman apes can help identify the conditions that drove the extraordinary expansion of hominin technology. Chimpanzees and bonobos are our closest living relatives. Whereas chimpanzees are renowned for their tool use, bonobos use few tools and none in foraging. We investigated whether extrinsic (ecological and social opportunities) or intrinsic (predispositions) differences explain this contrast by comparing chimpanzees at Kalinzu (Uganda) and bonobos at Wamba (DRC). We assessed ecological opportunities based on availability of resources requiring tool use. We examined potential opportunities for social learning in immature apes. Lastly, we investigated predispositions by measuring object manipulation and object play. Extrinsic opportunities did not explain the tool use difference, whereas intrinsic predispositions did. Chimpanzees manipulated and played more with objects than bonobos, despite similar levels of solitary and social play. Selection for increased intrinsic motivation to manipulate objects likely also played an important role in the evolution of hominin tool use. äChimpanzees and bonobos differ in intrinsic motivation for tool use (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing