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2015 ; 112
(23
): E3000-9
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Human ortholog of Drosophila Melted impedes SMAD2 release from TGF-? receptor I
to inhibit TGF-? signaling
#MMPMID26039994
Shathasivam P
; Kollara A
; Ringuette MJ
; Virtanen C
; Wrana JL
; Brown TJ
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2015[Jun]; 112
(23
): E3000-9
PMID26039994
show ga
Drosophila melted encodes a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-containing protein
that enables normal tissue growth, metabolism, and photoreceptor differentiation
by modulating Forkhead box O (FOXO), target of rapamycin, and Hippo signaling
pathways. Ventricular zone expressed PH domain-containing 1 (VEPH1) is the
mammalian ortholog of melted, and although it exhibits tissue-restricted
expression during mouse development and is potentially amplified in several human
cancers, little is known of its function. Here we explore the impact of VEPH1
expression in ovarian cancer cells by gene-expression profiling. In cells with
elevated VEPH1 expression, transcriptional programs associated with metabolism
and FOXO and Hippo signaling were affected, analogous to what has been reported
for Melted. We also observed altered regulation of multiple transforming growth
factor-? (TGF-?) target genes. Global profiling revealed that elevated VEPH1
expression suppressed TGF-?-induced transcriptional responses. This inhibitory
effect was verified on selected TGF-? target genes and by reporter gene assays in
multiple cell lines. We further demonstrated that VEPH1 interacts with TGF-?
receptor I (T?RI) and inhibits nuclear accumulation of activated Sma- and
Mad-related protein 2 (SMAD2). We identified two T?RI-interacting regions (TIRs)
with opposing effects on TGF-? signaling. TIR1, located at the N terminus,
inhibits canonical TGF-? signaling and promotes SMAD2 retention at T?RI, similar
to full-length VEPH1. In contrast, TIR2, located at the C-terminal region
encompassing the PH domain, decreases SMAD2 retention at T?RI and enhances TGF-?
signaling. Our studies indicate that VEPH1 inhibits TGF-? signaling by impeding
the release of activated SMAD2 from T?RI and may modulate TGF-? signaling during
development and cancer initiation or progression.
|*Signal Transduction
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Cell Line, Tumor
[MESH]
|Cell Nucleus/metabolism
[MESH]
|Drosophila
[MESH]
|Drosophila Proteins/*physiology
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*physiology
[MESH]