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2015 ; 2015
(ä): 436879
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Epigenetic Changes in Endothelial Progenitors as a Possible Cellular Basis for
Glycemic Memory in Diabetic Vascular Complications
#MMPMID26106624
Rajasekar P
; O'Neill CL
; Eeles L
; Stitt AW
; Medina RJ
J Diabetes Res
2015[]; 2015
(ä): 436879
PMID26106624
show ga
The vascular complications of diabetes significantly impact the quality of life
and mortality in diabetic patients. Extensive evidence from various human
clinical trials has clearly established that a period of poor glycemic control
early in the disease process carries negative consequences, such as an increase
in the development and progression of vascular complications that becomes evident
many years later. Importantly, intensive glycemic control established later in
the disease process cannot reverse or slow down the onset or progression of
diabetic vasculopathy. This has been named the glycemic memory phenomenon.
Scientists have successfully modelled glycemic memory using various in vitro and
in vivo systems. This review emphasizes that oxidative stress and accumulation of
advanced glycation end products are key factors driving glycemic memory in
endothelial cells. Furthermore, various epigenetic marks have been proposed to
closely associate with vascular glycemic memory. In addition, we comment on the
importance of endothelial progenitors and their role as endogenous vasoreparative
cells that are negatively impacted by the diabetic milieu and may constitute a
"carrier" of glycemic memory. Considering the potential of endothelial
progenitor-based cytotherapies, future studies on their glycemic memory are
warranted to develop epigenetics-based therapeutics targeting diabetic vascular
complications.