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2015 ; 59
(sup1
): 33-38
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Botryllus schlosseri, an emerging model for the study of aging, stem cells, and
mechanisms of regeneration
#MMPMID26136618
Voskoboynik A
; Weissman IL
Invertebr Reprod Dev
2015[Jan]; 59
(sup1
): 33-38
PMID26136618
show ga
The decline of tissue regenerative potential with the loss of stem cell function
is a hallmark of mammalian aging. We study Botryllus schlosseri, a colonial
chordate which exhibits robust stem cell-mediated regeneration capacities
throughout life. Larvae, derived by sexual reproduction and chordate development,
metamorphose to clonal founders that undergo weekly formation of new individuals
by budding from stem cells. Individuals are transient structures which die
through massive apoptosis, and successive buds mature to replicate an entire new
body. As a result, their stem cells, which are the only self-renewing cells in a
tissue, are the only cells which remain through the entire life of the genotype
and retain the effects of time. During aging, a significant decrease in the
colonies' regenerative potential is observed and both sexual and asexual
reproductions will eventually halt. When a parent colony is experimentally
separated into a number of clonal replicates, they frequently undergo senescence
simultaneously, suggesting a heritable factor that determines lifespan in these
colonies. The availability of the recently published B. schlosseri genome coupled
with its unique life cycle features promotes the use of this model organism for
the study of the evolution of aging, stem cells, and mechanisms of regeneration.