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2015 ; 16
(5
): 11178-95
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Clonal expansion of T cells in abdominal aortic aneurysm: a role for doxycycline
as drug of choice?
#MMPMID25993290
Kroon AM
; Taanman JW
Int J Mol Sci
2015[May]; 16
(5
): 11178-95
PMID25993290
show ga
Most reported studies with animal models of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and
several studies with patients have suggested that doxycycline favourably modifies
AAA; however, a recent large long-term clinical trial found that doxycycline did
not limit aneurysm growth. Thus, there is currently no convincing evidence that
doxycycline reduces AAA expansion. Here, we critically review the available
experimental and clinical information about the effects of doxycycline when used
as a pharmacological treatment for AAA. The view that AAA can be considered an
autoimmune disease and the observation that AAA tissue shows clonal expansion of
T cells is placed in the light of the well-known inhibition of mitochondrial
protein synthesis by doxycycline. In T cell leukaemia animal models, this
inhibitory effect of the antibiotic has been shown to impede T cell
proliferation, resulting in complete tumour eradication. We suggest that the
available evidence of doxycycline action on AAA is erroneously ascribed to its
inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by competitive binding of the zinc
ion co-factor. Although competitive binding may explain the inhibition of
proteolytic activity, it does not explain the observed decreases of MMP mRNA
levels. We propose that the observed effects of doxycycline are secondary to
inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis. Provided that serum doxycycline
levels are kept at adequate levels, the inhibition will result in a proliferation
arrest, especially of clonally expanding T cells. This, in turn, leads to the
decrease of proinflammatory cytokines that are normally generated by these cells.
The drastic change in cell type composition may explain the changes in MMP mRNA
and protein levels in the tissue samples.
|Animals
[MESH]
|Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
[MESH]