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2015 ; 53
(3
): 195-208
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Ecodevelopmental predictors of early initiation of alcohol, tobacco, and drug use
among Hispanic adolescents
#MMPMID26054814
Bacio GA
; Estrada Y
; Huang S
; Martínez M
; Sardinas K
; Prado G
J Sch Psychol
2015[Jun]; 53
(3
): 195-208
PMID26054814
show ga
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to test the transactional
relationships of risk and protective factors that influence initiation of
alcohol, tobacco, and drug use among Hispanic youth. Ecodevelopmental theory was
used to identify factors at multiple ecological levels with a focus on four
school-level characteristics (i.e. school socioeconomic status, school climate,
school acculturation, and school ethnic composition). A sample of 741 Hispanic
adolescents (M age=13.9, SD=.67) and their caregivers were recruited from 18
participating middle schools in Miami-Dade County, FL. Structural equation
modeling was used to test the hypothesized ecodevelopmental model of early
substance use, accounting for school clustering effects. Results provided strong
support for the model (CFI=.95; RMSEA=.03). School SES was indirectly related to
the likelihood of starting substance use through perceived peer use norms (?=.03,
p<.02). Similarly, school climate had an indirect effect on substance use
initiation through family functioning and perceptions of peer use norms (?=-.03,
p<.01). Neither school ethnic composition nor school acculturation had indirect
effects on initiation of substance use. Results highlight the importance of the
interplay of risk and protective factors at multiple ecological levels that
impact early substance use initiation. Further, findings underscore the key role
of school level characteristics on the initiation of substance use and present
opportunities for intervention.