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2015 ; 25
(6
): 707-25
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Methylation-dependent loss of RIP3 expression in cancer represses programmed
necrosis in response to chemotherapeutics
#MMPMID25952668
Koo GB
; Morgan MJ
; Lee DG
; Kim WJ
; Yoon JH
; Koo JS
; Kim SI
; Kim SJ
; Son MK
; Hong SS
; Levy JM
; Pollyea DA
; Jordan CT
; Yan P
; Frankhouser D
; Nicolet D
; Maharry K
; Marcucci G
; Choi KS
; Cho H
; Thorburn A
; Kim YS
Cell Res
2015[Jun]; 25
(6
): 707-25
PMID25952668
show ga
Receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3 or RIPK3) is an essential part of the
cellular machinery that executes "programmed" or "regulated" necrosis. Here we
show that programmed necrosis is activated in response to many chemotherapeutic
agents and contributes to chemotherapy-induced cell death. However, we show that
RIP3 expression is often silenced in cancer cells due to genomic methylation near
its transcriptional start site, thus RIP3-dependent activation of MLKL and
downstream programmed necrosis during chemotherapeutic death is largely
repressed. Nevertheless, treatment with hypomethylating agents restores RIP3
expression, and thereby promotes sensitivity to chemotherapeutics in a
RIP3-dependent manner. RIP3 expression is reduced in tumors compared to normal
tissue in 85% of breast cancer patients, suggesting that RIP3 deficiency is
positively selected during tumor growth/development. Since hypomethylating agents
are reasonably well-tolerated in patients, we propose that RIP3-deficient cancer
patients may benefit from receiving hypomethylating agents to induce RIP3
expression prior to treatment with conventional chemotherapeutics.