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Vesicles versus Tubes: Is Endoplasmic Reticulum-Golgi Transport in Plants
Fundamentally Different from Other Eukaryotes?
#MMPMID25883241
Robinson DG
; Brandizzi F
; Hawes C
; Nakano A
Plant Physiol
2015[Jun]; 168
(2
): 393-406
PMID25883241
show ga
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the gateway to the secretory pathway in all
eukaryotic cells. Its products subsequently pass through the Golgi apparatus on
the way to the cell surface (true secretion) or to the lytic compartment of the
cell (vacuolar protein transport). In animal cells, the Golgi apparatus is
present as a stationary larger order complex near the nucleus, and transport
between the cortical ER and the Golgi complex occurs via an intermediate
compartment which is transported on microtubules. By contrast, higher plant cells
have discrete mobile Golgi stacks that move along the cortical ER, and the
intermediate compartment is absent. Although many of the major molecular players
involved in ER-Golgi trafficking in mammalian and yeast (Saccharomyces
cerevisiae) cells have homologs in higher plants, the narrow interface (less than
500 nm) between the Golgi and the ER, together with the motility factor, makes
the identification of the transport vectors responsible for bidirectional traffic
between these two organelles much more difficult. Over the years, a controversy
has arisen over the two major possibilities by which transfer can occur: through
vesicles or direct tubular connections. In this article, four leading plant cell
biologists attempted to resolve this issue. Unfortunately, their opinions are so
divergent and often opposing that it was not possible to reach a consensus. Thus,
we decided to let each tell his or her version individually. The review begins
with an article by Federica Brandizzi that provides the necessary molecular
background on coat protein complexes in relation to the so-called secretory units
model for ER-Golgi transport in highly vacuolated plant cells. The second
article, written by Chris Hawes, presents the evidence in favor of tubules. It is
followed by an article from David Robinson defending the classical notion that
transport occurs via vesicles. The last article, by Akihiko Nakano, introduces
the reader to possible alternatives to vesicles or tubules, which are now
emerging as a result of exciting new developments in high-resolution light
microscopy in yeast.
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