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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Am+J+Physiol+Lung+Cell+Mol+Physiol
2015 ; 308
(11
): L1178-88
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
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English Wikipedia
Influenza induces IL-8 and GM-CSF secretion by human alveolar epithelial cells
through HGF/c-Met and TGF-?/EGFR signaling
#MMPMID26033355
Ito Y
; Correll K
; Zemans RL
; Leslie CC
; Murphy RC
; Mason RJ
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
2015[Jun]; 308
(11
): L1178-88
PMID26033355
show ga
The most severe complication of influenza is viral pneumonia, which can lead to
the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) are the
first cells that influenza virus encounters upon entering the alveolus. Infected
epithelial cells produce cytokines that attract and activate neutrophils and
macrophages, which in turn induce damage to the epithelial-endothelial barrier.
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met and transforming growth factor-?
(TGF-?)/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are well known to regulate repair
of damaged alveolar epithelium by stimulating cell migration and proliferation.
Recently, TGF-?/EGFR signaling has also been shown to regulate innate immune
responses in bronchial epithelial cells. However, little is known about whether
HGF/c-Met signaling alters the innate immune responses and whether the innate
immune responses in AECs are regulated by HGF/c-Met and TGF-?/EGFR. We
hypothesized that HGF/c-Met and TGF-?/EGFR would regulate innate immune responses
to influenza A virus infection in human AECs. We found that recombinant human HGF
(rhHGF) and rhTGF-? stimulated primary human AECs to secrete IL-8 and granulocyte
macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) strongly and IL-6 and monocyte
chemotactic protein 1 moderately. Influenza infection stimulated the secretion of
IL-8 and GM-CSF by AECs plated on rat-tail collagen through EGFR activation
likely by TGF-? released from AECs and through c-Met activated by HGF secreted
from lung fibroblasts. HGF secretion by fibroblasts was stimulated by AEC
production of prostaglandin E2 during influenza infection. We conclude that
HGF/c-Met and TGF-?/EGFR signaling enhances the innate immune responses by human
AECs during influenza infections.