Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 251.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 251.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 251.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 251.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26045978
.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Am+J+Cancer+Res
2015 ; 5
(3
): 928-44
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Homeostasis of redox status derived from glucose metabolic pathway could be the
key to understanding the Warburg effect
#MMPMID26045978
Zhang S
; Yang C
; Yang Z
; Zhang D
; Ma X
; Mills G
; Liu Z
Am J Cancer Res
2015[]; 5
(3
): 928-44
PMID26045978
show ga
Glucose metabolism in mitochondria through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for
generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is vital for cell function. However,
reactive oxygen species (ROS), a by-product from OXPHOS, is a major source of
endogenously produced toxic stressors on the genome. In fact, ATP could be
efficiently produced in a high throughput manner without ROS generation in
cytosol through glycolysis, which could be a unique and critical metabolic
pathway to prevent spontaneous mutation during DNA replication. Therefore
glycolysis is dominant in robust proliferating cells. Indeed, aerobic glycolysis,
or the Warburg effect, in normal proliferating cells is an example of homeostasis
of redox status by transiently shifting metabolic flux from OXPHOS to glycolysis
to avoid ROS generation during DNA synthesis and protect genome integrity. The
process of maintaining redox homeostasis is driven by genome wide transcriptional
clustering with mitochondrial retrograde signaling and coupled with the glucose
metabolic pathway and cell division cycle. On the contrary, the Warburg effect in
cancer cells is the results of the alteration of redox status from a reprogramed
glucose metabolic pathway caused by the dysfunctional OXPHOS. Mutations in
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA) disrupt mitochondrial structural
integrity, leading to reduced OXPHOS capacity, sustained glycolysis and excessive
ROS leak, all of which are responsible for tumor initiation, progression and
metastasis. A "plumbing model" is used to illustrate how redox status could be
regulated through glucose metabolic pathway and provide a new insight into the
understanding of the Warburg effect in both normal and cancer cells.