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2014 ; 14
(1
): 143-9
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Presentation and outcome of tuberculous meningitis among children: experiences
from a tertiary children s hospital
#MMPMID26060471
Nabukeera-Barungi N
; Wilmshurst J
; Rudzani M
; Nuttall J
Afr Health Sci
2014[Mar]; 14
(1
): 143-9
PMID26060471
show ga
BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is complicated and outcome
is poor especially in resource limited settings. Early diagnosis and prompt
treatment are vital in effective treatment. We set out to describe experiences in
the management and immediate outcome of TBM a tertiary-level children's hospital
in a high HIV and tuberculosis co-infection setting. METHODS: This retrospective
study included children who were diagnosed with TBM in the year 2009. A pre-coded
questionnaire was used to extract data on presentation, diagnostics, treatment
and outcome at the time of hospital discharge. Data was analyzed using STATA
statistical package (StataCorp, Version 11). RESULTS: Of the 40 children
diagnosed with TBM, 6 (15%) had definitive TBM, 17 (42.5%) had probable TBM and
17 (42.5%) had possible TBM. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) chemistry and cells
were abnormal in 39/40 (98%). Mantoux test was reactive in 16/29 (55%) and 17/30
(57%) had Chest X-rays suggestive of tuberculosis. Only 3/21 (14%) had positive
sputum tuberculosis culture and 89% (32/36) had neuro-imaging abnormalities.
Outcome at discharge was; 8% died, 49% improved with neurological sequelae and
43% improved without sequelae. Having TBM stage 3 at admission was associated
with mortality (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Most children had early diagnosis of TBM
and mortality was lower than in previous studies. We recommend a larger
prospective study to further understand the outcome of TBM.