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2015 ; 2015
(ä): 281287
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Osteoimmunology: Major and Costimulatory Pathway Expression Associated with
Chronic Inflammatory Induced Bone Loss
#MMPMID26064999
Crotti TN
; Dharmapatni AA
; Alias E
; Haynes DR
J Immunol Res
2015[]; 2015
(ä): 281287
PMID26064999
show ga
The field of osteoimmunology has emerged in response to the range of evidences
demonstrating the close interrelationship between the immune system and bone
metabolism. This is pertinent to immune-mediated diseases, such as rheumatoid
arthritis and periodontal disease, where there are chronic inflammation and local
bone erosion. Periprosthetic osteolysis is another example of chronic
inflammation with associated osteolysis. This may also involve immune mediation
when occurring in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Similarities in the
regulation and mechanisms of bone loss are likely to be related to the
inflammatory cytokines expressed in these diseases. This review highlights the
role of immune-related factors influencing bone loss particularly in diseases of
chronic inflammation where there is associated localized bone loss. The
importance of the balance of the RANKL-RANK-OPG axis is discussed as well as the
more recently appreciated role that receptors and adaptor proteins involved in
the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) signaling pathway play.
Although animal models are briefly discussed, the focus of this review is on the
expression of ITAM associated molecules in relation to inflammation induced
localized bone loss in RA, chronic periodontitis, and periprosthetic osteolysis,
with an emphasis on the soluble and membrane bound factor osteoclast-associated
receptor (OSCAR).