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2015 ; 43
(6
): 612-9
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Influence of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein on pulmonary inflammation in
gram-negative pneumonia
#MMPMID25643011
Taddonio MA
; Dolgachev V
; Bosmann M
; Ward PA
; Su G
; Wang SC
; Hemmila MR
Shock
2015[Jun]; 43
(6
): 612-9
PMID25643011
show ga
Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) is upregulated as part of the
acute-phase response. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein has a known
multifunctional role in potentiating the recognition, clearance, and killing of
gram-negative bacteria. In a Klebsiella pneumonia model, we previously
demonstrated that LBP gene-deficient mice (LBP-/-) mice experience increased
mortality when compared with wild-type (Wt) mice (98% vs. 59%). We hypothesize
that LBP is essential to bacterial clearance from the lung, and its absence leads
to alteration of the pulmonary inflammatory response to pneumonia. Twelve- to
16-week-old female C57Bl/6 Wt mice and age-matched LBP-/- mice were administered
1 × 10(3) colony-forming units of Klebsiella pneumoniae by intratracheal
injection. Animals were euthanized at 6, 12, 24, or 36 h after inoculation. Lung
tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage samples were obtained. Lung homogenate samples
were assayed to determine quantitative bacterial load per whole lung,
proinflammatory cytokine concentrations, myeloperoxidase activity, and assessment
of pulmonary leukocyte populations. In vitro production of inflammatory mediators
were also assayed after LPS stimulation of peritoneal macrophages isolated from
Wt, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-deficient, and LBP-/- mice. The LBP-/- mice
demonstrated significantly elevated levels of bacteria in the lung at 24 and 36 h
when compared with Wt controls. The average lung levels of proinflammatory
cytokines interleukin-1? (IL-1?), IL-6, keratinocyte-derived chemokine, and
macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 were greater in the LBP mice and remained
elevated longer when compared with those in the Wt mice. Myeloperoxidase
activity, an indicator of neutrophil content, was significantly increased at time
36 h in the LBP mice. After in vitro stimulation of peritoneal macrophages with
LPS, production of IL-1?, IL-6, IL-10, keratinocyte-derived chemokine, and
macrophage-inflammatory protein-1? were suppressed in LBP and TLR4-deficient mice
compared with that in Wt. Absence of a functional LBP-/- gene results in
diminished clearance of gram-negative bacteria from the pulmonary system. Failure
to recognize and clear gram-negative bacteria via the LBP/TLR4 axis results in an
initial delayed inflammatory response. This delay in LBP-/- mice is followed by
excessive amplification and prolonged elevation of proinflammatory mediators and
neutrophil sequestration within the lungs.