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2015 ; 214
(2
): 176-88
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Targeting renal purinergic signalling for the treatment of lithium-induced
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
#MMPMID25877068
Kishore BK
; Carlson NG
; Ecelbarger CM
; Kohan DE
; Müller CE
; Nelson RD
; Peti-Peterdi J
; Zhang Y
Acta Physiol (Oxf)
2015[Jun]; 214
(2
): 176-88
PMID25877068
show ga
Lithium still retains its critical position in the treatment of bipolar disorder
by virtue of its ability to prevent suicidal tendencies. However, chronic use of
lithium is often limited by the development of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
(NDI), a debilitating condition. Lithium-induced NDI is due to resistance of the
kidney to arginine vasopressin (AVP), leading to polyuria, natriuresis and
kaliuresis. Purinergic signalling mediated by extracellular nucleotides
(ATP/UTP), acting via P2Y receptors, opposes the action of AVP on renal
collecting duct (CD) by decreasing the cellular cAMP and thus AQP2 protein
levels. Taking a cue from this phenomenon, we discovered the potential
involvement of ATP/UTP-activated P2Y2 receptor in lithium-induced NDI in rats and
showed that P2Y2 receptor knockout mice are significantly resistant to Li-induced
polyuria, natriuresis and kaliuresis. Extension of these studies revealed that
ADP-activated P2Y12 receptor is expressed in the kidney, and its irreversible
blockade by the administration of clopidogrel bisulphate (Plavix(®)) ameliorates
Li-induced NDI in rodents. Parallel in vitro studies showed that P2Y12 receptor
blockade by the reversible antagonist PSB-0739 sensitizes CD to the action of
AVP. Thus, our studies unravelled the potential beneficial effects of targeting
P2Y2 or P2Y12 receptors to counter AVP resistance in lithium-induced NDI. If
established in further studies, our findings may pave the way for the development
of better and safer methods for the treatment of NDI by bringing a paradigm shift
in the approach from the current therapies that predominantly counter the
anti-AVP effects to those that enhance the sensitivity of the kidney to AVP
action.