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Auditory Brainstem Implant: Electrophysiologic Responses and Subject Perception #MMPMID25437141
Herrmann BS; Brown MC; Eddington DK; Hancock KE; Lee DL
Ear Hear 2015[May]; 36 (3): 368-76 PMID25437141show ga
Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to compare the perceptual sensation produced by bipolar electrical stimulation of auditory brainstem implant (ABI) electrodes to the morphology of electrically?evoked responses elicited by the same bipolar stimulus in the same unanesthetized, post-surgical state. Secondary aims were to 1) examine the relationships between sensations elicited by the bipolar stimulation used for evoked potential recording and the sensations elicited by the monopolar pulse-train stimulation used by the implant processor and 2) to examine the relationships between evoked-potential morphology (elicited by bipolar stimulation) to the sensations elicited by monopolar stimulation. Design: Electrically-evoked early latency and middle-latency responses to bipolar, biphasic low-rate pulses were recorded post-operatively in four adults with auditory brainstem implants. Prior to recording, the perceptual sensations elicited by these bipolar stimuli were obtained and categorized as: 1) Auditory sensations only, 2) Mixed sensations (both auditory and non-auditory), 3) Side Effect (non-auditory sensations) or 4) No Sensation. In addition, the sensations elicited by monopolar higher-rate pulse-train stimuli similar to that used in processor programming were also measured for all electrodes in the ABI array and classified using the same categories. Comparisons were made between evoked response morphology, bipolar stimulation sensation and monopolar stimulation sensation. Results: Sensations were classified for 33 bipolar pairs as follows: 21 pairs were Auditory, 6 were Mixed, 5 were Side Effect and 1 was No Sensation. When these sensations were compared to the electrically-evoked response morphology for these signals, P3 of the electrically-evoked auditory brainstem response (eABR) and the presence of a middle-latency positive wave, usually between 15 and 25 ms (eMLR), were only present when the perceptual sensation had an auditory component (either Auditory or Mixed pairs). The presence of other waves in the early-latency response such as N1 or P2 or a positive wave after 4 ms did not distinguish between only auditory or only non-auditory sensations.For monopolar stimulation, 42 were classified as Auditory, 16 were Mixed and 26 were classified as Side Effect or No Sensation. When bipolar sensations were compared to monopolar sensations for the 21 bipolar pairs categorized as Auditory, 7 pairs had monopolar sensations of Auditory for both electrodes, 9 pairs had only one electrode with a monopolar sensation of Auditory, with the remainder having neither electrode as Auditory. Of 6 bipolar pairs categorized as Mixed, 3 had monopolar auditory sensations for one of the electrodes.When monopolar stimulation was compared to evoked potential morphology elicited by bipolar stimulation, P3 and the eMLR were more likely to be present when one or both of the electrodes in the bipolar pair elicited an Auditory or Mixed sensation with monopolar stimulation and were less likely to occur when neither of the electrodes had an auditory monopolar sensation. Again, other eABR waves did not distinguish between auditory and non-auditory sensations. Conclusions: ABI electrodes that are associated with auditory sensations elicited by bipolar stimulation are more likely to elicit evoked responses with a P3 wave and/or a middle-latency wave. P3 of the eABR and M15-25 of the eMLR are less likely to be present if neither electrode of the bipolar pair evoked an auditory sensation with monopolar stimulation.
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Ear+Hear 2015 ; 36 (3): 368-76
