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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 J+Am+Coll+Surg 2015 ; 220 (5): 872-9 Nephropedia Template TP
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Plasma Is the Physiologic Buffer of tPA Mediated Fibrinolysis: Rationale for Plasma First Resuscitation after Life-Threatening Hemorrhage #MMPMID25840538
Moore HB; Moore EE; Gonzalez E; Wiener G; Chapman MP; Dzieciatkowska M; Sauaia A; Banerjee A; Hansen KC; Silliman C
J Am Coll Surg 2015[May]; 220 (5): 872-9 PMID25840538show ga
Background: Pre-hospital resuscitation with crystalloid exacerbates fibrinolysis, which is associated with high mortality. We hypothesize that plasma compared to crystalloid resuscitation prevents hyperfibrinolysis in a tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) rich environment via preservation of proteins essential for regulation of fibrinolysis. Study Design: Healthy individuals donated blood, which was assayed using a native (non activated) thrombelastography (TEG). Whole-blood (WB) was mixed with normal saline (NS) or platelet poor plasma (PPP) at progressive dilutions. TPA was added to promote a fibrinolytic environment. In a separate experiment PPP was run through 100 KD filter and liquid remaining on top of the filter (TFP) and below the filter (BFP) was obtained. Whole blood was diluted by 50% with TFP, BPF and NS and assayed with tPA TEG challenge. TFP and BFP were assayed for protein concentration and protein composition. Results: NS and PPP dilution of WB with out tPA did not affect clot lysis at 30 minutes (LY30) (NS Spearman?s Rho 0.300 p=0.186 and PPP 0.294 p=0.288). When tPA was added NS dilution of whole blood increased LY30 in a percentage dependent manner (0.844 p<0.001) but did not significantly increase with PPP dilution (0.270 p=0.202). The difference in LY30 from WB to diluted WB with PPP (mean change ?1.05 95% CI ?9.42 to 7.33) was similar with TFP (1.23 95%CI ?5.20 to 7.66 p=0.992). However, both BPF (37.65 95%CI 24.47 to 50.82 p=0.001) and NS (47.36 95%CI 34.3?60.45 p<0.001) showed large increases in fibrinolysis compared to PPP. Conclusions: Crystalloid and plasma dilution of whole blood does not increase fibrinolysis. However NS dilution of WB, increases susceptibility to tPA mediated fibrinolysis. Plasma resuscitation, simulated by plasma dilution of whole blood, attenuates increased susceptibility to tPA mediate fibrinolysis. The benefits of plasma resuscitation are mediated through preservation of plasma proteins.