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2015 ; 9
(5
): 1222-34
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From deep-sea volcanoes to human pathogens: a conserved quorum-sensing signal in
Epsilonproteobacteria
#MMPMID25397946
Pérez-Rodríguez I
; Bolognini M
; Ricci J
; Bini E
; Vetriani C
ISME J
2015[May]; 9
(5
): 1222-34
PMID25397946
show ga
Chemosynthetic Epsilonproteobacteria from deep-sea hydrothermal vents colonize
substrates exposed to steep thermal and redox gradients. In many bacteria,
substrate attachment, biofilm formation, expression of virulence genes and host
colonization are partly controlled via a cell density-dependent mechanism
involving signal molecules, known as quorum sensing. Within the
Epsilonproteobacteria, quorum sensing has been investigated only in human
pathogens that use the luxS/autoinducer-2 (AI-2) mechanism to control the
expression of some of these functions. In this study we showed that luxS is
conserved in Epsilonproteobacteria and that pathogenic and mesophilic members of
this class inherited this gene from a thermophilic ancestor. Furthermore, we
provide evidence that the luxS gene is expressed--and a quorum-sensing signal is
produced--during growth of Sulfurovum lithotrophicum and Caminibacter
mediatlanticus, two Epsilonproteobacteria from deep-sea hydrothermal vents.
Finally, we detected luxS transcripts in Epsilonproteobacteria-dominated biofilm
communities collected from deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Taken together, our
findings indicate that the epsiloproteobacterial lineage of the LuxS enzyme
originated in high-temperature geothermal environments and that, in vent
Epsilonproteobacteria, luxS expression is linked to the production of AI-2
signals, which are likely produced in situ at deep-sea vents. We conclude that
the luxS gene is part of the ancestral epsilonproteobacterial genome and
represents an evolutionary link that connects thermophiles to human pathogens.