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10.1186/2041-9139-6-1 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1186/2041-9139-6-1 C4406211!4406211!25905000     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       EvoDevo 2015 ; 6 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=25905000|t=2015. The phylogenetic position of ctenophores and the origin(s) of nervous systems |pdf=|usr=}}{{25905000}} gab.com Text The phylogenetic position of ctenophores and the origin(s) of nervous systems JO: EvoDevo http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25905000 #FOAvip Ctenophores have traditionally been treated as eumetazoans, but some recent whole genome studies have revived the idea that they are, rather, the sister group to all other metazoans. This deep branching position implies either that nervous systems have evolved twice, in Ctenophora and in Eumetazoa, or that an ancestral metazoan nervous system has been lost in sponges and placozoans. We caution, however, that phylogenetic-tree construction artifacts may have placed ctenophores too deep in the metazoan tree. We discuss nervous system origins under these alternative phylogenies and in light of comparative data of ctenophore and eumetazoan nervous systems. We argue that characters like neuropeptide signaling, ciliary photoreceptors, gap junctions and presynaptic molecules are consistent with a shared ancestry of nervous systems. However, if ctenophores are the sister group to all other metazoans, this ancestral nervous system was likely very simple. Further studies are needed to resolve the deep phylogeny of metazoans and to have a better understanding of the early steps of nervous system evolution. Twit Text FOAVip The phylogenetic position of ctenophores and the origin(s) of nervous systems ????EvoDevo http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25905000 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25905000 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|25905000}}</ref> The phylogenetic position of ctenophores and the origin(s) of nervous systems #MMPMID25905000 Jékely G; Paps J; Nielsen C EvoDevo 2015[]; 6 (ä): ä PMID25905000show ga Ctenophores have traditionally been treated as eumetazoans, but some recent whole genome studies have revived the idea that they are, rather, the sister group to all other metazoans. This deep branching position implies either that nervous systems have evolved twice, in Ctenophora and in Eumetazoa, or that an ancestral metazoan nervous system has been lost in sponges and placozoans. We caution, however, that phylogenetic-tree construction artifacts may have placed ctenophores too deep in the metazoan tree. We discuss nervous system origins under these alternative phylogenies and in light of comparative data of ctenophore and eumetazoan nervous systems. We argue that characters like neuropeptide signaling, ciliary photoreceptors, gap junctions and presynaptic molecules are consistent with a shared ancestry of nervous systems. However, if ctenophores are the sister group to all other metazoans, this ancestral nervous system was likely very simple. Further studies are needed to resolve the deep phylogeny of metazoans and to have a better understanding of the early steps of nervous system evolution. äThe phylogenetic position of ctenophores and the origin(s) of nervous (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing