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2015 ; 45
(3
): 652-60
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Thymus medulla fosters generation of natural Treg cells, invariant ?? T cells,
and invariant NKT cells: what we learn from intrathymic migration
#MMPMID25615828
Cowan JE
; Jenkinson WE
; Anderson G
Eur J Immunol
2015[Mar]; 45
(3
): 652-60
PMID25615828
show ga
The organization of the thymus into distinct cortical and medullary regions
enables it to control the step-wise migration and development of immature T-cell
precursors. Such a process provides access to specialized cortical and medullary
thymic epithelial cells at defined stages of maturation, ensuring the generation
of self-tolerant and MHC-restricted conventional CD4(+) and CD8(+) ?? T cells.
The migratory cues and stromal cell requirements that regulate the development of
conventional ?? T cells have been well studied. However, the thymus also fosters
the generation of several immunoregulatory T-cell populations that form key
components of both innate and adaptive immune responses. These include Foxp3(+)
natural regulatory T cells, invariant ?? T cells, and CD1d-restricted invariant
natural killer T cells (iNKT cells). While less is known about the intrathymic
requirements of these nonconventional T cells, recent studies have highlighted
the importance of the thymus medulla in their development. Here, we review recent
findings on the mechanisms controlling the intrathymic migration of distinct
T-cell subsets, and relate this to knowledge of the microenvironmental
requirements of these cells.