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2012 ; 5
(6
): 526-9
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English Wikipedia
Arterio-venous fistula buttonhole cannulation technique: a retrospective analysis
of infectious complications
#MMPMID26069795
O'Brien FJ
; Kok HK
; O'Kane C
; McWilliams J
; O'Kelly P
; Collins P
; Walshe J
; Magee CC
; Denton MD
; Conlon PJ
Clin Kidney J
2012[Dec]; 5
(6
): 526-9
PMID26069795
show ga
BACKGROUND: There are two main methods of accessing arterio-venous fistulas
(AVFs); the 'buttonhole' and the 'rope-ladder' cannulation technique. Several
small studies have hypothesized that the buttonhole technique is associated with
increased rates of fistula-associated infection. This study addresses this
hypothesis. METHODS: A retrospective review of all patients attending a large
outpatient haemodialysis clinic was performed. Data were collected on the method
of cannulation, infection rates, implicated microorganisms, complications of
infection and time on haemodialysis. RESULTS: A total of 127 patients had
received haemodialysis via an AVF: 53 via the rope-ladder technique and 74 via
the buttonhole technique. Nine episodes of clinically significant bacteraemia
were recorded in the buttonhole group. This equated to a rate of 0.073
bacteraemia events per 1000 AVF days. There were no episodes of bacteraemia in
the rope-ladder group. Eight infections were due to methicillin-sensitive
Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA); one was due to Staphylococcus epidermidis. Three
patients with MSSA bacteraemia subsequently developed infective endocarditis.
Five patients who developed bacteraemia events had been undergoing home
haemodialysis. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the infectious complications
associated with buttonhole cannulation techniques. All organisms isolated in our
cohort were known skin colonizers. The reason for the increased rates of
infection is unclear. Given this high rate of often life-threatening infection,
we recommend regular audit of infection rates. We currently do not recommend this
technique to our patients receiving haemodialysis.