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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Biochem+J
2011 ; 438
(1
): 39-51
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Targeting the autolysis loop of urokinase-type plasminogen activator with
conformation-specific monoclonal antibodies
#MMPMID21635223
Botkjaer KA
; Fogh S
; Bekes EC
; Chen Z
; Blouse GE
; Jensen JM
; Mortensen KK
; Huang M
; Deryugina E
; Quigley JP
; Declerck PJ
; Andreasen PA
Biochem J
2011[Aug]; 438
(1
): 39-51
PMID21635223
show ga
Tight regulation of serine proteases is essential for their physiological
function, and unbalanced states of protease activity have been implicated in a
variety of human diseases. One key example is the presence of uPA (urokinase-type
plasminogen activator) in different human cancer types, with high levels
correlating with a poor prognosis. This observation has stimulated efforts into
finding new principles for intervening with uPA's activity. In the present study
we characterize the so-called autolysis loop in the catalytic domain of uPA as a
potential inhibitory target. This loop was found to harbour the epitopes for
three conformation-specific monoclonal antibodies, two with a preference for the
zymogen form pro-uPA, and one with a preference for active uPA. All three
antibodies were shown to have overlapping epitopes, with three common residues
being crucial for all three antibodies, demonstrating a direct link between
conformational changes of the autolysis loop and the creation of a catalytically
mature active site. All three antibodies are potent inhibitors of uPA activity,
the two pro-uPA-specific ones by inhibiting conversion of pro-uPA to active uPA
and the active uPA-specific antibody by shielding the access of plasminogen to
the active site. Furthermore, using immunofluorescence, the conformation-specific
antibodies mAb-112 and mAb-12E6B10 enabled us to selectively stain pro-uPA or
active uPA on the surface of cultured cells. Moreover, in various independent
model systems, the antibodies inhibited tumour cell invasion and dissemination,
providing evidence for the feasibility of pharmaceutical intervention with serine
protease activity by targeting surface loops that undergo conformational changes
during zymogen activation.