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10.1186/s12931-015-0207-5 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1186/s12931-015-0207-5 C4397832!4397832 !25890309     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\25890309 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Respir+Res 2015 ; 16 (1 ): 48 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=25890309 |t=2015. TWEAK enhances TGF-?-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells |pdf=|usr=}}{{25890309 }} gab.com Text TWEAK enhances TGF- -induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells JO: Respir Res http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25890309 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: Chronic airway inflammatory disorders, such as asthma, are characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling. Chronic inflammation and damage to the airway epithelium cause airway remodeling, which is associated with improper epithelial repair, and is characterized by elevated expression of transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important mechanism during embryonic development and tissue remodeling whereby epithelial cells gain the capacity to increase motility by down-regulation of epithelial markers and up-regulation of mesenchymal markers. TGF-? is a central inducer of EMT, and TGF-?-induced EMT is enhanced by pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and interleukin-1?. We investigated whether the pro-inflammatory cytokine TWEAK (TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis) enhanced TGF-?1-induced EMT in the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. METHODS: Quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting were used to define alterations in epithelial and mesenchymal marker expression in BEAS-2B cells. The cells were assessed for 48 h after stimulation with TGF-?1 alone or in combination with TWEAK. RESULTS: TGF-?1 induced spindle-like morphology and loss of cell contact, and reduced the expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin and increased the expression of mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin. Our data, for the first time, show that TWEAK reduced the expression of E-cadherin, and that co-treatment with TGF-?1 and TWEAK enhanced the TGF-?1-induced features of EMT. Moreover, hyaluronan synthase 2 expression was up-regulated by a combination with TGF-?1 and TWEAK, but not TNF-?. We also demonstrated that the Smad, p38 MAPK, and NF-?B signaling pathways, and the transcriptional repressor ZEB2 might mediate N-cadherin up-regulation by TGF-?1 in combination with TWEAK. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the pro-inflammatory cytokine TWEAK and TGF-?1 have synergistic effects in EMT and may contribute to chronic airway changes and remodeling. Twit Text FOAVip TWEAK enhances TGF- -induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells ????Respir Res http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25890309 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25890309 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|25890309 }}</ref> TWEAK enhances TGF-?-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells #MMPMID25890309 Itoigawa Y ; Harada N ; Harada S ; Katsura Y ; Makino F ; Ito J ; Nurwidya F ; Kato M ; Takahashi F ; Atsuta R ; Takahashi K Respir Res 2015[Apr]; 16 (1 ): 48 PMID25890309 show ga BACKGROUND: Chronic airway inflammatory disorders, such as asthma, are characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling. Chronic inflammation and damage to the airway epithelium cause airway remodeling, which is associated with improper epithelial repair, and is characterized by elevated expression of transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important mechanism during embryonic development and tissue remodeling whereby epithelial cells gain the capacity to increase motility by down-regulation of epithelial markers and up-regulation of mesenchymal markers. TGF-? is a central inducer of EMT, and TGF-?-induced EMT is enhanced by pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and interleukin-1?. We investigated whether the pro-inflammatory cytokine TWEAK (TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis) enhanced TGF-?1-induced EMT in the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. METHODS: Quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting were used to define alterations in epithelial and mesenchymal marker expression in BEAS-2B cells. The cells were assessed for 48 h after stimulation with TGF-?1 alone or in combination with TWEAK. RESULTS: TGF-?1 induced spindle-like morphology and loss of cell contact, and reduced the expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin and increased the expression of mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin. Our data, for the first time, show that TWEAK reduced the expression of E-cadherin, and that co-treatment with TGF-?1 and TWEAK enhanced the TGF-?1-induced features of EMT. Moreover, hyaluronan synthase 2 expression was up-regulated by a combination with TGF-?1 and TWEAK, but not TNF-?. We also demonstrated that the Smad, p38 MAPK, and NF-?B signaling pathways, and the transcriptional repressor ZEB2 might mediate N-cadherin up-regulation by TGF-?1 in combination with TWEAK. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the pro-inflammatory cytokine TWEAK and TGF-?1 have synergistic effects in EMT and may contribute to chronic airway changes and remodeling. |Airway Remodeling/drug effects [MESH] |Antigens, CD/metabolism [MESH] |Bronchi/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology [MESH] |Cadherins/metabolism [MESH] |Cell Line, Transformed [MESH] |Cell Shape/drug effects [MESH] |Cytokine TWEAK [MESH] |Dose-Response Relationship, Drug [MESH] |Drug Synergism [MESH] |Epithelial Cells/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology [MESH] |Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/*drug effects [MESH] |Gene Expression Regulation [MESH] |Glucuronosyltransferase/metabolism [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Hyaluronan Synthases [MESH] |NF-kappa B/metabolism [MESH] |Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology [MESH] |Signal Transduction/drug effects [MESH] |Smad Proteins/metabolism [MESH] |Time Factors [MESH] |Transforming Growth Factor beta1/*pharmacology [MESH] |Tumor Necrosis Factors/*pharmacology [MESH] |Vimentin/metabolism [MESH]TWEAK enhances TGF-?-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in huma(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing