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2015 ; 7
(3
): 315-29
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Targeted nanoparticles in mitochondrial medicine
#MMPMID25348382
Pathak RK
; Kolishetti N
; Dhar S
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol
2015[May]; 7
(3
): 315-29
PMID25348382
show ga
Mitochondria, the so-called 'energy factory of cells' not only produce energy but
also contribute immensely in cellular mortality management. Mitochondrial
dysfunctions result in various diseases including but not limited to cancer,
atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. In the recent years, targeting
mitochondria emerged as an attractive strategy to control mitochondrial
dysfunction-related diseases. Despite the desire to direct therapeutics to the
mitochondria, the actual task is more difficult due to the highly complex nature
of the mitochondria. The potential benefits of integrating nanomaterials with
properties such as biodegradability, magnetization, and fluorescence into a
single object of nanoscale dimensions can lead to the development of hybrid
nanomedical platforms for targeting therapeutics to the mitochondria. Only a
handful of nanoparticles based on metal oxides, gold nanoparticles, dendrons,
carbon nanotubes, and liposomes were recently engineered to target mitochondria.
Most of these materials face tremendous challenges when administered in vivo due
to their limited biocompatibility. Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles emerged
as eminent candidates for effective drug delivery. In this review, we highlight
the current advancements in the development of biodegradable nanoparticle
platforms as effective targeting tools for mitochondrial medicine.
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