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Telomeric repeat-containing RNA TERRA: a noncoding RNA connecting telomere
biology to genome integrity
#MMPMID25926849
Cusanelli E
; Chartrand P
Front Genet
2015[]; 6
(?): 143
PMID25926849
show ga
Telomeres are dynamic nucleoprotein structures that protect the ends of
chromosomes from degradation and activation of DNA damage response. For this
reason, telomeres are essential to genome integrity. Chromosome ends are enriched
in heterochromatic marks and proper organization of telomeric chromatin is
important to telomere stability. Despite their heterochromatic state, telomeres
are transcribed giving rise to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) called TERRA
(telomeric repeat-containing RNA). TERRA molecules play critical roles in
telomere biology, including regulation of telomerase activity and heterochromatin
formation at chromosome ends. Emerging evidence indicate that TERRA transcripts
form DNA-RNA hybrids at chromosome ends which can promote homologous
recombination among telomeres, delaying cellular senescence and sustaining genome
instability. Intriguingly, TERRA RNA-telomeric DNA hybrids are involved in
telomere length homeostasis of telomerase-negative cancer cells. Furthermore,
TERRA transcripts play a role in the DNA damage response (DDR) triggered by
dysfunctional telomeres. We discuss here recent developments on TERRA's role in
telomere biology and genome integrity, and its implication in cancer.
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