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2015 ; 10
(3
): 391-3
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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A new look at auranofin, dextromethorphan and rosiglitazone for reduction of
glia-mediated inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases
#MMPMID25878586
Madeira JM
; Schindler SM
; Klegeris A
Neural Regen Res
2015[Mar]; 10
(3
): 391-3
PMID25878586
show ga
Neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease are characterized by
chronic inflammation in the central nervous system. The two main glial types
involved in inflammatory reactions are microglia and astrocytes. While these
cells normally protect neurons by providing nutrients and growth factors, disease
specific stimuli can induce glial secretion of neurotoxins. It has been
hypothesized that reducing glia-mediated inflammation could diminish neuronal
loss. This hypothesis is supported by observations that chronic use of
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is linked with lower incidences of
neurodegenerative disease. It is possible that the NSAIDs are not potent enough
to appreciably reduce chronic neuroinflammation after disease processes are fully
established. Gold thiol compounds, including auranofin, comprise another class of
medications effective at reducing peripheral inflammation. We have demonstrated
that auranofin inhibits human microglia- and astrocyte-mediated neurotoxicity.
Other drugs which are currently used to treat peripheral inflammatory conditions
could be helpful in neurodegenerative disease. Three different classes of
anti-inflammatory compounds, which have a potential to inhibit neuroinflammation
are highlighted below.