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10.3389/fnhum.2015.00192 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00192 C4392691!4392691!25914638     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Front+Hum+Neurosci 2015 ; 9 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=25914638|t=2015. New insights into the pathophysiology of post-stroke spasticity |pdf=|usr=}}{{25914638}} gab.com Text New insights into the pathophysiology of post-stroke spasticity JO: Front Hum Neurosci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25914638 #FOAvip Spasticity is one of many consequences after stroke. It is characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in resistance during passive stretch, resulting from hyperexcitability of the stretch reflex. The underlying mechanism of the hyperexcitable stretch reflex, however, remains poorly understood. Accumulated experimental evidence has supported supraspinal origins of spasticity, likely from an imbalance between descending inhibitory and facilitatory regulation of spinal stretch reflexes secondary to cortical disinhibition after stroke. The excitability of reticulospinal (RST) and vestibulospinal tracts (VSTs) has been assessed in stroke survivors with spasticity using non-invasive indirect measures. There are strong experimental findings that support the RST hyperexcitability as a prominent underlying mechanism of post-stroke spasticity. This mechanism can at least partly account for clinical features associated with spasticity and provide insightful guidance for clinical assessment and management of spasticity. However, the possible role of VST hyperexcitability cannot be ruled out from indirect measures. In vivo measure of individual brainstem nuclei in stroke survivors with spasticity using advanced fMRI techniques in the future is probably able to provide direct evidence of pathogenesis of post-stroke spasticity. Twit Text FOAVip New insights into the pathophysiology of post-stroke spasticity ????Front Hum Neurosci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25914638 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25914638 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|25914638}}</ref> New insights into the pathophysiology of post-stroke spasticity #MMPMID25914638 Li S; Francisco GE Front Hum Neurosci 2015[]; 9 (ä): ä PMID25914638show ga Spasticity is one of many consequences after stroke. It is characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in resistance during passive stretch, resulting from hyperexcitability of the stretch reflex. The underlying mechanism of the hyperexcitable stretch reflex, however, remains poorly understood. Accumulated experimental evidence has supported supraspinal origins of spasticity, likely from an imbalance between descending inhibitory and facilitatory regulation of spinal stretch reflexes secondary to cortical disinhibition after stroke. The excitability of reticulospinal (RST) and vestibulospinal tracts (VSTs) has been assessed in stroke survivors with spasticity using non-invasive indirect measures. There are strong experimental findings that support the RST hyperexcitability as a prominent underlying mechanism of post-stroke spasticity. This mechanism can at least partly account for clinical features associated with spasticity and provide insightful guidance for clinical assessment and management of spasticity. However, the possible role of VST hyperexcitability cannot be ruled out from indirect measures. In vivo measure of individual brainstem nuclei in stroke survivors with spasticity using advanced fMRI techniques in the future is probably able to provide direct evidence of pathogenesis of post-stroke spasticity. äNew insights into the pathophysiology of post-stroke spasticity (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing