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2015 ; 108
(7
): 1613-1622
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Experimental verification of the kinetic theory of FRET using optical
microspectroscopy and obligate oligomers
#MMPMID25863053
Patowary S
; Pisterzi LF
; Biener G
; Holz JD
; Oliver JA
; Wells JW
; Raicu V
Biophys J
2015[Apr]; 108
(7
): 1613-1622
PMID25863053
show ga
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a nonradiative process for the
transfer of energy from an optically excited donor molecule (D) to an acceptor
molecule (A) in the ground state. The underlying theory predicting the dependence
of the FRET efficiency on the sixth power of the distance between D and A has
stood the test of time. In contrast, a comprehensive kinetic-based theory
developed recently for FRET efficiencies among multiple donors and acceptors in
multimeric arrays has waited for further testing. That theory has been tested in
the work described in this article using linked fluorescent proteins located in
the cytoplasm and at the plasma membrane of living cells. The cytoplasmic
constructs were fused combinations of Cerulean as donor (D), Venus as acceptor
(A), and a photo-insensitive molecule (Amber) as a nonfluorescent (N) place
holder: namely, NDAN, NDNA, and ADNN duplexes, and the fully fluorescent
quadruplex ADAA. The membrane-bound constructs were fused combinations of GFP2 as
donor (D) and eYFP as acceptor (A): namely, two fluorescent duplexes (i.e., DA
and AD) and a fluorescent triplex (ADA). According to the theory, the FRET
efficiency of a multiplex such as ADAA or ADA can be predicted from that of
analogs containing a single acceptor (e.g., NDAN, NDNA, and ADNN, or DA and AD,
respectively). Relatively small but statistically significant differences were
observed between the measured and predicted FRET efficiencies of the two
multiplexes. While elucidation of the cause of this mismatch could be a worthy
endeavor, the discrepancy does not appear to question the theoretical
underpinnings of a large family of FRET-based methods for determining the
stoichiometry and quaternary structure of complexes of macromolecules in living
cells.