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2015 ; 112
(13
): 4056-61
Nephropedia Template TP
Baumann C
; Bonilla WV
; Fröhlich A
; Helmstetter C
; Peine M
; Hegazy AN
; Pinschewer DD
; Löhning M
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2015[Mar]; 112
(13
): 4056-61
PMID25829541
show ga
During infection, the release of damage-associated molecular patterns, so-called
"alarmins," orchestrates the immune response. The alarmin IL-33 plays a role in a
wide range of pathologies. Upon release, IL-33 signals through its receptor ST2,
which reportedly is expressed only on CD4(+) T cells of the Th2 and regulatory
subsets. Here we show that Th1 effector cells also express ST2 upon
differentiation in vitro and in vivo during lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
(LCMV) infection. The expression of ST2 on Th1 cells was transient, in contrast
to constitutive ST2 expression on Th2 cells, and marked highly activated effector
cells. ST2 expression on virus-specific Th1 cells depended on the Th1-associated
transcription factors T-bet and STAT4. ST2 deficiency resulted in a
T-cell-intrinsic impairment of LCMV-specific Th1 effector responses in both mixed
bone marrow-chimeric mice and adoptive cell transfer experiments. ST2-deficient
virus-specific CD4(+) T cells showed impaired expansion, Th1 effector
differentiation, and antiviral cytokine production. Consequently, these cells
mediated little virus-induced immunopathology. Thus, IL-33 acts as a critical and
direct cofactor to drive antiviral Th1 effector cell activation, with
implications for vaccination strategies and immunotherapeutic approaches.