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2015 ; 290
(2
): 413-27
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The role of the retromer complex in aging-related neurodegeneration: a molecular
and genomic review
#MMPMID25332075
Reitz C
Mol Genet Genomics
2015[Apr]; 290
(2
): 413-27
PMID25332075
show ga
The retromer coat complex is a vital component of the intracellular trafficking
mechanism sorting cargo from the endosomes to the trans-Golgi network or to the
cell surface. In recent years, genes encoding components of the retromer coat
complex and members of the vacuolar protein sorting 10 (Vps10) family of
receptors, which play pleiotropic functions in protein trafficking and
intracellular/intercellular signaling in neuronal and non-neuronal cells and are
primary cargos of the retromer complex, have been implicated as genetic risk
factors for sporadic and autosomal dominant forms of several neurodegenerative
diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and frontotemporal
lobar degeneration. In addition to their functions in protein trafficking, the
members of the Vps10 receptor family (sortilin, SorL1, SorCS1, SorCS2, and
SorCS3) modulate neurotrophic signaling pathways. Both sortilin and SorCS2 act as
cell surface receptors to mediate acute responses to proneurotrophins. In
addition, sortilin can modulate the intracellular response to brain-derived
neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by direct control of BDNF levels and regulating
anterograde trafficking of Trk receptors to the synapse. This review article
summarizes the emerging data from this rapidly growing field of intracellular
trafficking signaling in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration.