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10.1128/AEM.03551-14 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1128/AEM.03551-14 C4357933!4357933!25616795     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=25616795&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Anthranilate Deteriorates the Structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms and Antagonizes the Biofilm-Enhancing Indole Effect |pdf=|usr=}}{{25616795}} gab.com Text Anthranilate Deteriorates the Structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms and Antagonizes the Biofilm-Enhancing Indole Effect JO: Appl Environ Microbiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25616795 #FOAvip Anthranilate and indole are alternative degradation products of tryptophan, depending on the bacterial species. While indole enhances the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we found that anthranilate, the tryptophan degradation product of P. aeruginosa, had an opposite effect on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation, in which anthranilate deteriorated the mushroom structure of biofilm. The anthranilate effect on biofilm formation was differentially exerted depending on the developmental stage and the presence of shear force. Anthranilate slightly accelerated the initial attachment of P. aeruginosa at the early stage of biofilm development and appeared to build more biofilm without shear force. But anthranilate weakened the biofilm structure in the late stage, deteriorating the mushroom structure of biofilms with shear force to make a flat biofilm. To investigate the interplay of anthranilate with indole in biofilm formation, biofilms were cotreated with anthranilate and indole, and the results showed that anthranilate antagonized the biofilm-enhancing effect of indole. Anthranilate was able to deteriorate the preformed biofilm. The effect of anthranilate and indole on biofilm formation was quorum sensing independent. AntR, a regulator of anthranilate-degrading metabolism was synergistically activated by cotreatment with anthranilate and indole, suggesting that indole might enhance biofilm formation by facilitating the degradation of anthranilate. Anthranilate slightly but significantly affected the cyclic diguaniylate (c-di-GMP) level and transcription of major extracellular polysaccharide (Psl, Pel, and alginate) operons. These results suggest that anthranilate may be a promising antibiofilm agent and antagonize the effect of indole on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. Twit Text FOAVip Anthranilate Deteriorates the Structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms and Antagonizes the Biofilm-Enhancing Indole Effect ????Appl Environ Microbiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25616795 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25616795 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|25616795}}</ref> Anthranilate Deteriorates the Structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms and Antagonizes the Biofilm-Enhancing Indole Effect #MMPMID25616795 Kim SK; Park HY; Lee JH Appl Environ Microbiol 2015[Apr]; 81 (7): 2328-38 PMID25616795show ga Anthranilate and indole are alternative degradation products of tryptophan, depending on the bacterial species. While indole enhances the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we found that anthranilate, the tryptophan degradation product of P. aeruginosa, had an opposite effect on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation, in which anthranilate deteriorated the mushroom structure of biofilm. The anthranilate effect on biofilm formation was differentially exerted depending on the developmental stage and the presence of shear force. Anthranilate slightly accelerated the initial attachment of P. aeruginosa at the early stage of biofilm development and appeared to build more biofilm without shear force. But anthranilate weakened the biofilm structure in the late stage, deteriorating the mushroom structure of biofilms with shear force to make a flat biofilm. To investigate the interplay of anthranilate with indole in biofilm formation, biofilms were cotreated with anthranilate and indole, and the results showed that anthranilate antagonized the biofilm-enhancing effect of indole. Anthranilate was able to deteriorate the preformed biofilm. The effect of anthranilate and indole on biofilm formation was quorum sensing independent. AntR, a regulator of anthranilate-degrading metabolism was synergistically activated by cotreatment with anthranilate and indole, suggesting that indole might enhance biofilm formation by facilitating the degradation of anthranilate. Anthranilate slightly but significantly affected the cyclic diguaniylate (c-di-GMP) level and transcription of major extracellular polysaccharide (Psl, Pel, and alginate) operons. These results suggest that anthranilate may be a promising antibiofilm agent and antagonize the effect of indole on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. äAnthranilate Deteriorates the Structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biof(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing